English dictionary of ancient Greek gets a vulgar update complete with F-bombs - CBC.ca - Dictionary

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For the past hundred or so years, classics students who looked up the ancient Greek verb χέζω in a commonly used English dictionary would find it modestly translated as "Ease oneself, do one's need."

Now, the translation is "To sh-t."

That much cruder translation can be found in the Cambridge Greek Lexicon, a new dictionary two decades in the making that took a deep look at the meaning of ancient Greek words, after they were tempered by Victorian translators. 

"We aim to get the flavour of the original words, and to do that we have to use modern English, even if that English is a bit vulgar," Cambridge emeritus professor and editor in chief James Diggle told As It Happens host Carol Off.

'Spare no blushes'

The idea to update Liddell and Scott's widely used 1889 Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon was proposed by the late scholar John Chadwick in 1997. At the time, the plan was for it to be completed in five years.  

But Diggle, who was then chair of the advisory committee, says it became clear that they were in for a lot of work. 

"We quickly discovered that the original conception that we had, which was to revise an existing dictionary, was a non-starter," Diggle said. 

So, they started from scratch. 

A Sotheby's curator thumbs through The Clouds by Aristophanes. (Jim Watson/AFP via Getty Images)

The team took on the enormous task of re-reading most of ancient Greek literature — from Homer to the early second century AD. The resulting two volumes were recently published by Cambridge University Press.

"It was a moment of enormous relief and delight, because for at least 15 years, the project had taken over my life and I'd had time for nothing else," Diggle said. 

The new dictionary takes a much more colourful approach to words that don't pander to Victorian sensibilities. It doesn't obscure curse words with hyphens.

"We spare no blushes," Diggle said in a news release.

That is not true of the original dictionary that inspired the project. 

"Much of the language that it uses is old-fashioned," Diggle said. "It's the kind of language that was used by Victorian school teachers, perhaps, and it simply doesn't cover enough of the literature for the needs of modern students." 

For example, the verb βινέω was described as "inire, coire, of illicit intercourse" by the Victorian translators. Diggle says that meaning isn't "strictly right." So they simply translated it to "f--k." 

In the 19th-century dictionary, λαικάζω was translated as "to wench." It now translates to "sucks c--ks," which Diggle guesses is "the first time that will have appeared in a dictionary." 

Diggle says these new translations will give students reading these ancient texts a much richer experience, even if it is cruder. 

"It should give them very, very much easier comprehension of what they read on the text of Aristophanes' Lysistrata."

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Written by Sarah Jackson. Produced  by Katie Geleff. 

Home/Front: An Iraq Veteran Finds Love After War : Rough Translation - NPR - Translation

Retired Staff Sgt. Matt Lammers holds the hand of his wife, Alicia. Eve Edelheit for NPR hide caption

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Eve Edelheit for NPR

Retired Staff Sgt. Matt Lammers holds the hand of his wife, Alicia.

Eve Edelheit for NPR

Alicia Argelia met Army veteran Matt Lammers when he rolled into the store where she worked. Matt had lost both legs and one arm during a deployment to Iraq. Strangers often approached him to awkwardly thank him for his service or ask him what happened; his physical injuries made him a living reminder of the cost of war. But Alicia was different. She offered friendship without pity, and he was charmed by her from the start.

In this episode, the first of a three part story, Matt woos Alicia with stories of his combat survival and regained independence. But when an accident leaves Matt in crisis, Alicia has to make a choice. Does she leave her old life behind and leap across the civilian-military divide to be with Matt?

Listen to Rough Translation wherever you get your podcasts, including NPR One, Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Pocket Casts, Spotify, and RSS.

Courtesy Translation: Rules for incidence under 100 in Wiesbaden - DVIDS - Translation

Press Release from the Wiesbaden city government, 31 MAY 2021
Courtesy Translation: Nadine Bower, Community Relations

Rules for incidence under 100

Today, May 31, the Hessen Ministry of Social Affairs and Integration (HMSI) announced the downgrading of the state capital Wiesbaden to the so-called "State Level 1" on Jun 2, on its website. As a result of the decreasing incidence figures, the so-called "federal emergency brake" expires on that day and numerous reliefs will be effective. This has been made possible by the joint disciplined effort of the population.

"We are pleased that the gradual return to more normality is finally becoming possible for the state capital Wiesbaden. Especially for the gastronomy, which has suffered heavily under the pandemic, this is good news. However, greater progress with more relaxations is only possible if the incidence value remains below 100 permanently and Wiesbaden moves up to stage 2, according to the state concept. That is why we appeal to everyone to continue to adhere consistently to the rules of distance and hygiene. We are not out of the woods yet, but we are on the right track," said Lord Mayor Gert-Uwe Mende and Mayor and Head of Health Dr. Oliver Franz.

State level 1, as laid down in the Corona Facility Protection Ordinance as well as in the Corona Contact and Operating Restriction Ordinance of the Hessen state government, essentially means the following starting on 2 June:

- Curfew:
No more curfew between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m.

- Contact restrictions:
Meetings in public are only permitted in the circle of members of one's own household and another household, unless only fully vaccinated or recovered persons are involved in the meeting. Fully vaccinated and recovered persons do not count in the contact restrictions.

- Consumption of alcohol
The consumption of alcohol in certain public areas, which were announced by general decree of the city, remains prohibited.

- Schools:
In the schools, classroom instruction takes place in grades 1 to 6 as well as in the final classes. From grade 7 onwards, education takes place in alternating classes. A prerequisite for participation in classroom teaching is a negative test that is no older than a maximum of 72 hours.

- Daycare centers/Kita:
Regular operation under pandemic conditions

- Child and youth work:
Child and youth work is possible in groups of up to 20 people, vaccinated and recovered persons are not counted.

- Meetings, events, cultural offerings:
Meetings, events and cultural offerings such as theatres, operas, concerts, movie theaters and the like are permitted outdoors up to a number of 100 participants; here, too, vaccinated or recovered persons are not counted; a negative corona test is a prerequisite for participation for unvaccinated and not already recovered persons. Additionally, the contact details must be recorded, if possible electronically. The mask obligation stays in effect. Meetings, events and cultural offerings in closed rooms are only permitted in the event of special public interest and with the approval of the health department.

- Private gatherings:
Private gatherings outside one's own living quarters or property are only permitted in the circle of one's own and one other household. Here, too, vaccinated or recovered persons do not count. For private gatherings within one's own living quarters or on one's own property, a restriction to one's own and another household and compliance with the minimum distance of 1.5 meters is strongly recommended. Additionally, in this respect, vaccinated or recovered persons are not counted.

- Sales outlets / retail outlets
The retail trade, except for the suppliers of basic needs, can open within the framework of the "Click & Meet" model, i.e. within the framework of an appointment for a fixed period of time. Customers must wear a medical mask (surgical mask / FFP2 mask or comparable). A negative test for unvaccinated or recovered persons is recommended.

- Recreational and amateur sports
Recreational and amateur sports are only allowed on and in all public and private sports facilities alone or in groups that are allowed to stay together in public spaces. Individual visitors or several groups may only stay in covered and uncovered sports facilities at the same time if they are located in different areas at least 3 meters apart from each other.

- Gyms
Gyms can be visited with prior appointment and a negative corona test or upon proof of complete vaccination or recovery, as well as if the contact details are left, if possible electronically.

- Swimming pools and the like
Swimming pools, thermal baths, saunas and similar facilities remain closed.

- Amusement parks and the like
Outdoor areas of amusement parks and similar facilities may be opened to visitors after prior appointment and ensuring compliance with the minimum distance of 1.5 meters.

- Museums, castles, galleries, memorials, animal parks, zoos and botanical gardens
Museums, castles, galleries and memorials as well as animal parks, zoos and botanical gardens may open their outdoor areas to visitors by appointment. A negative corona test is also recommended for visiting the indoor spaces. This does not apply to vaccinated or recovered persons.

- Services on the body
Services on the body can be used in compliance with strict hygiene rules and with prior appointment, contact details - as far as possible electronically - and presentation of a negative corona test (day-test) by unvaccinated or recovered persons.

- Gastronomy
The outdoor portion of restaurants may open. With guests have to be seated, as well as present a negative corona test and leave their contact details, if possible electronically. Fully vaccinated or recovered individuals do not need to present a negative corona test. For the hygiene concepts to be followed by the gastronomic companies, the same specifications apply as in the previous year, only adjustments to the newly added requirements / possibilities (electronic contact data collection, test obligation, etc.) have to be made.

- Clubs, discotheques
Clubs and discotheques are allowed to open as outdoor gastronomy in compliance with the above-mentioned rules - without hosting dance events.

- Accommodation, hotels, youth hostels, campsites
Accommodation offers, for example in hotels, guesthouses, youth hostels and campsites, are permitted for tourist purposes, provided that the accommodation capacity is only 60 percent full and a negative corona test is presented upon arrival, whereby two weekly tests are required for stays of more than seven days. This does not apply to vaccinated and recovered persons and also not if there are no common facilities (such as breakfast rooms) in the accommodation establishments.

In the case of the mask requirement for passengers in buses and trains as well as in bus stop areas, the minimum requirement of a medical mask applies instead of the previous FFP2 mask.

For the electronic supply of contact data, the use of the Luca app is suitable, via which contact tracing is easy, especially for the health department; in addition, it is still possible to fill out corresponding paper-based contact tracing forms. The possibility of using the Luca app is made visible in the individual facilities via clearly visible notice; the so-called QR codes.

All easing steps depend on the successful assurance of low infection rates. Therefore, the well-known rules such as keeping your distance, washing your hands, (everyday) masks and ventilation must continue to be adhered to in a disciplined manner. This is especially true since the highly contagious so-called "Indian variant" of the novel coronavirus has now also been detected in Wiesbaden and, according to the current state of knowledge, only a complete vaccination with all the necessary vaccinations of the respective vaccine can protect against it reliably. If the incidence figures rise again above 100 new infections per 100,000 inhabitants during the course of seven days for three consecutive days, the strict contact restriction measures of the "federal emergency brake" will go back into effect again.

Source: https://ift.tt/3vJCN91

Date Taken:	06.02.2021
Date Posted:	06.02.2021 07:00
Story ID:	397909
Location:	WIESBADEN, HE, DE

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The cougar phenomenon.Iti is exactly what the metropolitan dictionary terms a вЂ˜cougar’—an older woman whom seeks sexual relationships by having a younger guy. - Lynn Journal - Dictionary

Demi-Ashton Demi Moore was 15 years more than her ex Ashton Kutcher , Wikimedia Commons

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Whenever 40-year-old Iti found myself in a relationship having a much more youthful guy, it seemed a “logical” move for the spouse wanting to return at an adulterous spouse. Bored stiff and disrupted by her broken marriage, Iti claims she desired solace when you look at the doctor that is 28-year-old had been “always here for me personally physically, emotionally and mentally”.

Iti is really what the dictionary that is urban a вЂ˜cougar’—an older woman whom seeks intimate relationships by having a younger guy. A current Hindi movie, BA Pass, showcased this sensation where a rich, annoyed housewife seduced a young pupil.

Though, the sensation is basically observed to be metropolitan, and much more common amongst the rich, it really is nevertheless not limited in their mind. Recently law enforcement was called in whenever a 25-year-old man ended up being beaten up in external Delhi’s Burari area. A mob had caught him going into the home of the 41-year-old widow dressed as a female. Upon research, law enforcement discovered that the two had been in a relationship.

“We nevertheless inhabit a culture this is certainly starkly patriarchal and celebrates a man whom dates a lot of women as a stud and derides women who are intimately active as sluts,” says Raksha a home-maker from west Delhi who serially dates more youthful guys. Maybe, that is the attraction — breaking away or rebelling up against the norms.

This social censure additionally transcends socio-economic distinctions. No wonder then, why these relationships are carried out under a cloak of privacy.

Iti, as an example, could be the daughter-in-law of a politician from Rajasthan and life in a upmarket gated rise that is high Noida, Uttar Pradesh. She has introduced her enthusiast, Mohit, to her household as being a bro. This not simply deflects suspicion, but it addittionally provides Mohit use of her home whenever her spouse is away on regular company trips. Of belated, she’s got required Mohit to provide electric guitar classes to her son. It had been the exact same for the widow in Burari. She had introduced her enthusiast as being a relative, but her father-in-law reprimanded her as he saw her pillion that is riding him.

“There is not any excitement in dating somebody of our very own age,” Raksha, a housewife who serially dates more youthful males, states having a twinkle in her own attention. “They are boring, laid right straight back and just take a backseat with regards to attempting things that are new. Dating someone more youthful is exciting, and adventurous.”

This feeling of being loved and of being young again is fulfilling for most older women. And, needless to say, there’s companionship in feeding their enthusiasts brand new dishes or experimenting intimately. Ankur, a 27-year-old who dated two older females in the exact same time, states “They desired to do cocaine and smoke bones. We’d meet inside my household in Gurgaon, Haryana, and so they had been fine with a threesome too. Since I have had been engaged and getting married, we introduced them to my buddy and from now on these are typically with him. They have been close friends and start to become each other’s alibi, so their husbands don’t suspect a thing.” The only thing off-limit Ankur discovered, ended up being speaing frankly about their husbands. Then again, stranger things have actually occurred.

What’s on it for the guys

Ankur was drawn to the essence of adventure of dating a mature woman. Possibly prompted by Dustin Hoffman into the Graduate, Ankur stated he enjoyed being with somebody who had been took and experienced the lead during intercourse.

“There is a whole lot an adult woman can show you. It really is a good learning experience that can be helpful once I have always been hitched,” he claims. “Also, their tantrums and needs are lower compared to a partner my very own age.”Names changed

Translations.com Announces Premier-Level Partnership with Akeneo - PRNewswire - Translation

NEW YORK and SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico, June 1, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Translations.com, the technology division of TransPerfect, the world's largest provider of language and technology solutions for global business, today announced that the company is Akeneo's newest Premier Partner. This is the highest tier of the Akeneo Technology Partnership Program and enables seamless cooperation for shared clients of Akeneo and Translations.com. In addition, Translations.com was recently an Elite sponsor of Akeneo Unlock 2021, the annual gathering of the Akeneo PIM and PXM community.

GlobalLink Connect for Akeneo is Translations.com's all-in-one solution to initiate, automate, control, track, and complete all facets of the translation process, all within the user interface of the Serenity edition of Akeneo. The combination of Akeneo product information management and the extended localization workflow capabilities of GlobalLink provides users with a comprehensive solution for managing global enterprise content with minimal effort and virtually no IT overhead. When combined with GlobalLink AI, Akeneo offers users reduced costs and time-to-market while still maintaining high quality translations.

GlobalLink Connect for Akeneo includes the following capabilities:

• Scheduled or on-demand translations through seamless integration
• On-demand dashboard view of translation spend and other KPIs
• Internal or external vendor management
• Flexible workflows with machine translation, human translation, or both
• Rapid ROI by reducing IT involvement and project management overhead

Learn more about Translations.com's GlobalLink Connect for Akeneo solution on the dedicated partner page.

Scott Rogers, Vice President, Channel and Alliances at Akeneo, added, "Our PXM Studio and Translations.com's best-in-class localization expertise have proven to be a win-win combination for businesses expanding into new geographies and markets. We look forward to deepening our partnership and providing even more innovative solutions to help global brands and merchants successfully navigate the fast-changing cross-border commerce landscape."

TransPerfect President and CEO Phil Shawe stated, "We are honored to be recognized as an Akeneo Premier Partner and to move into this new phase of our partnership. Our joint customers will benefit from a tighter and more seamless integration between GlobalLink and Akeneo, simplifying the process of releasing content in multiple languages."

About Translations.com
Translations.com is the world's largest provider of enterprise localization services and technology solutions. From offices in over 100 cities on six continents, Translations.com offers a full range of services in 170+ languages to clients worldwide. More than 5,000 global organizations employ Translations.com's GlobalLink^® technology to simplify management of multilingual content. Translations.com is part of the TransPerfect family of companies, with global headquarters in New York and regional headquarters in London and Hong Kong. For more information, please visit www.translations.com.

About Akeneo
Akeneo is a global leader in Product Experience Management (PXM) helping businesses with products to sell to unlock growth opportunities by delivering a consistent and compelling product experience across all channels, including eCommerce, mobile, print, points of sale and beyond. With its open platform, leading PIM, add-ons, connectors and marketplace, Akeneo PXM Studio dramatically improves product data quality and accuracy, simplifies catalog management, and accelerates the sharing of product information across channels and locales.

Leading global brands, manufacturers, distributors and retailers, including Staples Canada, Fossil, Air Liquide and Myer trust Akeneo to scale and customize their omnichannel commerce initiatives. Using Akeneo, brands and retailers can improve customer experience, increase sales, reduce time to market, go global, and boost team productivity.

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Can AI “Translate” Animal Languages Into Human Languages? - Walter Bradley Center for Natural and Artificial Intelligence - Translation

That’s the question science writer Philip Ball, author of The Modern Myths: Adventures in the machinery of the popular imagination (2021), posed recently at The New Yorker. If a dolphin could talk, could we really understand its very different life experiences?

Ball reports that some researchers are trying to translate dolphin communications (“dolphish”) into English:

Today, animal-translation technologies are being developed that use the same “machine learning” approach that is applied to human languages in services such as Google Translate. These systems use neural networks to analyze vast numbers of example sentences, inferring from them general principles of grammar and usage, and then apply those patterns in order to translate sentences the system has never seen. Denise Herzing, the founder and research director of the nonprofit Wild Dolphin Project, which studies dolphins in the Atlantic, is now using similar algorithms, coupled with underwater keyboards and computers, to try to decode dolphin communications. “It may be that our mobile technology will be the same technology that helps us communicate with another species,” Herzing said, in a 2013 ted talk. An even more ambitious initiative, called the Interspecies Internet—founded by the musician Peter Gabriel; the M.I.T. professor Neil Gershenfeld; the “father of the Internet,” Vint Cerf; and the cognitive psychologist and marine-mammal scientist Diana Reiss—seeks to use new technologies to connect intelligent species such as dolphins, elephants, and great apes to one another and to us. “Computer technology is finally allowing us to see inside the world of animals in ways that are showing us that they are complex sentient beings that deserve our understanding and respect,” Con Slobodchikoff, an animal behaviorist who is a professor emeritus at Northern Arizona University, said.

Philip Ball, “The Challenges of Animal Translation” at New Yorker (April 27, 2021)

The history of such efforts to understand and bond, including living with dolphins, goes back to the 1960s.

The skeptics are not mere naysayers. One problem is that, to a great extent, we may simply mis- or over-interpret what dolphins are saying. For one thing, they not only are not like humans but they are not domestic animals like dogs that have lived with humans for many thousands of years. They are shaped by an utterly different world.

Today, many dolphins might as well live on a different planet—a gravity-free world that’s typically blue-green in all directions, with no shadows or smells and a vast and alien sound scape.

Philip Ball, “The Challenges of Animal Translation” at New Yorker (April 27, 2021)

Thus, we don’t hear of compelling data from these efforts:

But Magnasco doesn’t think that anyone has achieved a basic understanding of dolphish. “I’m not yet confident that I know what is the signal, what is the variation, what is the intention,” he said. “You need an extremely large body of data to do that, and it’s unclear that we have enough yet.” Still, there are hints that it might be possible. In 2013, Herzing and her team at the Wild Dolphin Project used a machine-learning algorithm called Cetacean Hearing and Telemetry (chat), designed to identify meaningful signals in dolphin whistles. The algorithm picked out a sound within a dolphin pod that the researchers had earlier trained the dolphins to associate with sargassum seaweed—a clumpy, floaty plant that dolphins sometimes play with. The dolphins may have assimilated the new “word,” and begun using it in the wild.

Philip Ball, “The Challenges of Animal Translation” at New Yorker (April 27, 2021)

Maybe, but such an instance of dolphins recognizing and using a human signal is a far cry from the iconic dolphin goodbye: “So long and thanks for all the fish!” That farewell was made famous as the title of the fourth book in Douglas Adams’s series, The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy — in which the intelligent dolphins depart a doomed Earth, leaving oblivious humans to their fate.

At least dolphins are mammals. It’s even more difficult to achieve understanding of the communications of intelligent animals that are not remotely like mammals:

With cephalopods such as octopuses and squid, the gap widens further. Our common ancestor with them is thought to be a flatworm with only the most rudimentary of nervous systems; octopus brains are essentially a separate evolutionary experiment in developing intelligence. An octopus has around five hundred million neurons in its body—in the same range as a dog—but they are spread around, mostly in the arms, where they form clusters called ganglia, connected to one another. Even the brain in the center of the body is bizarre, because the creature’s esophagus, through which food is ingested, runs right through the middle of it. Some researchers hold that, with this distributed nervous system, cephalopods might host a “community of minds.” It isn’t clear, for instance, whether it’s the brain or the arms that “decide” what the arms do.

Philip Ball, “The Challenges of Animal Translation” at New Yorker (April 27, 2021)

Many consider the octopus to be the “second genesis” of intelligence, on account of its problem-solving skills. But it’s unclear that those skills are expressed in a language. Similarly, insects communicate but their communications are signal systems (like traffic lights or directional signs).

Some researchers hope that AI, devoid of human prejudices, will bridge the gap by analyzing everything, Ball tells us: “‘We’re really asking people to remove their human glasses, as much as possible,’ Selvitelle said. One Earth Species Project collaboration, called Whale-X, aims to collect and analyze all communications among a pod of whales over an entire season.”

The biggest problem is likely overlooked, however: Human language consists largely of abstractions. It is through the abstractions that it conveys meaning. Think of words like love, hate, power, status, money, rights, duties, honor, reputation, wisdom… What do they mean? These words comprise a cloud of meanings humans share (or don’t, depending on the circumstances). It’s not clear that dolphins, whales, or octopuses ever think that way. Or that AI could bridge a gap between ourselves and life forms that cannot entertain such concepts.

Michael Egnor points out that the real reason why only human beings speak is that human language is not a signal system; it is a necessary tool for abstract thinking — and humans are the only animals who think abstractly.

Real dolphins would never have said “So long, and thanks for all the fish!” because “the future” in which the planet is destroyed is an abstraction too. Dolphins grasp present danger and learn lessons. But a rational mind is needed to grasp abstractions like “The aliens will destroy the planet to make room for a bypass.”

That said, we might learn some valuable information from AI monitoring of animal communications, information that may help us with conservation programs.

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You may also wish to read:

Dolphinese: The idea that animals think as we do dies hard. But first it can lead us down strange paths.

and

But, in the end, did the chimpanzee really talk? A recent article in the Smithsonian Magazine sheds light on the motivations behind the need to see bonobos as something like an oppressed people, rather than apes in need of protection.

Microsoft Teams for iOS and Android will soon let users translate channel messages - OnMSFT.com - Translation

Microsoft is finally bringing on-demand translation capabilities to channels in its Teams iOS and Android apps. According to the Microsoft 365 Admin center, the feature will start rolling out this month, and it will become generally available for all Office 365 customers in mid-July.

The Microsoft Teams mobile apps already support on-demand translation for chat messages. The new channel message translation feature, which is already available on the desktop, will let mobile users translate posts or replies into their preferred language without leaving the channel. The app will use the Microsoft Translator service for translation in more than 70 languages, and a full list of supported languages can be found on this page.

The new on-demand translation experience could be helpful for people who speak different languages, and it should make it easier for users to communicate with others by translating posts in channels. Microsoft noted that the message translation functionality would be enabled by default for everyone, and Office 365 Admins will need to disable it manually.

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