Thursday, January 4, 2024

Translating Earth system boundaries for cities and businesses - Nature.com - Translation

Abstract

Operating within safe and just Earth system boundaries requires mobilizing key actors across scale to set targets and take actions accordingly. Robust, transparent and fair cross-scale translation methods are essential to help navigate through the multiple steps of scientific and normative judgements in translation, with clear awareness of associated assumptions, bias and uncertainties. Here, through literature review and expert elicitation, we identify commonly used sharing approaches, illustrate ten principles of translation and present a protocol involving key building blocks and control steps in translation. We pay particular attention to businesses and cities, two understudied but critical actors to bring on board.

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Fig. 1: The scope, scale and sharing approaches in cross-scale translation.
Fig. 2: A typology of cross-scale translation as revealed from combinations of sharing approaches applied at a single scale or across multiple scales.
Fig. 3: Ten principles of translation.
Fig. 4: Key building blocks in connecting ESBs to actors and the applicable ten principles of translation.
Fig. 5: Towards a protocol for cross-scale translation of ESBs.

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Acknowledgements

This work is part of the Earth Commission, which is hosted by Future Earth and is the science component of the Global Commons Alliance. The Global Commons Alliance is a sponsored project of Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors, with support from Oak Foundation, MAVA, Porticus, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Tiina and Antti Herlin Foundation, William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, the Global Environment Facility and Generation Foundation. The Earth Commission is also supported by the Global Challenges Foundation and Frontiers Research Foundation. Individual researchers were supported by the Australian Government (Australian Research Council Future Fellowship FT200100381 to S.J.L.) and the Swedish Research Council Formas (grant 2020-00371 to S.J.L.). We thank S. Bringezu for his valuable inputs and V. Vijay for her comments on an earlier version of this paper. The authors take full responsibility for the contents and any remaining errors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Terriroty, Australia

    Xuemei Bai & Steven J. Lade

  2. Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

    Syezlin Hasan & Ben Stewart-Koster

  3. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany

    Lauren Seaby Andersen & Johan Rockström

  4. Centre for Absolute Sustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

    Anders Bjørn

  5. Section for Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark

    Anders Bjørn

  6. The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, Ankara, Turkey

    Şiir Kilkiş

  7. Future Earth Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden

    Daniel Ospina, Wendy Broadgate, Steven J. Lade & Juan Rocha

  8. Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Jianguo Liu

  9. Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

    Sarah E. Cornell, Beatrice Crona, Steven J. Lade & Juan Rocha

  10. Science Based Targets Network, New York, NY, USA

    Oscar Sabag Muñoz

  11. Global Land Programme, Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

    Ariane de Bremond

  12. Centre for Environment and Development, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Ariane de Bremond

  13. Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden

    Beatrice Crona

  14. EAT, Oslo, Norway

    Fabrice DeClerck

  15. Alliance of Biodiversity International and CIAT of the CGIAR, Montpellier, France

    Fabrice DeClerck

  16. IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands

    Joyeeta Gupta

  17. Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

    Joyeeta Gupta

  18. Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change, University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Holger Hoff

  19. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria

    Nebojsa Nakicenovic & Caroline Zimm

  20. CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya

    David Obura

  21. University of Exeter Business School, Exeter, UK

    Gail Whiteman

  22. Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

    Johan Rockström

  23. Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands

    Detlef van Vuuren

  24. PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, the Netherlands

    Detlef van Vuuren

Authors
  1. Xuemei Bai
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  2. Syezlin Hasan
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  3. Lauren Seaby Andersen
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  4. Anders Bjørn
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  5. Şiir Kilkiş
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  6. Daniel Ospina
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  7. Jianguo Liu
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  8. Sarah E. Cornell
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  9. Oscar Sabag Muñoz
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  10. Ariane de Bremond
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  11. Beatrice Crona
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  12. Fabrice DeClerck
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  13. Joyeeta Gupta
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  14. Holger Hoff
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  15. Nebojsa Nakicenovic
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  16. David Obura
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  17. Gail Whiteman
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  18. Wendy Broadgate
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  19. Steven J. Lade
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  20. Juan Rocha
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  21. Johan Rockström
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  22. Ben Stewart-Koster
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  23. Detlef van Vuuren
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  24. Caroline Zimm
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X.B., S.H., L.S.A., A.B., S.K., D. Ospina., J.L., S.E.C., O.S.M., A.d.B., B.C., F.D., J.G., H.H., N.N., D. Obura., G.W., W.B., S.J.L., J. Rockström., B.S.-K., D.v.V. and C.Z. contributed to the conceptualization and deliberation of the work. X.B. led the work and the writing process. S.H. led the literature review of sharing approaches. X.B., S.H., L.S.A., D. Ospina., A.B., S.K., J.L. and O.S.M. drafted the manuscript. S.H., X.B. and L.S.A. produced and finalized the figures. X.B., S.H., L.S.A., A.B., S.K., D. Ospina., J.L., S.E.C., O.S.M., A.d.B., B.C., F.D., J.G., H.H., N.N., D. Obura., G.W., W.B., S.J.L., J. Rocha, J. Rockström., B.S.-K., D.v.V. and C.Z. provided critical reviews, extensive comments and editing of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xuemei Bai.

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Bai, X., Hasan, S., Andersen, L.S. et al. Translating Earth system boundaries for cities and businesses. Nat Sustain (2024). https://ift.tt/26x70N8

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Lost in translation: Interpretation gaffes more dangerous than hilarious for N.J. | Editorial - NJ.com - Translation

About 1 million New Jerseyans speak English “less than very well,” according to a 2020 U.S. Census Bureau survey, and when faced with a crisis like a pandemic, or the victim of a crime, we don’t want state authorities just defaulting to pulling up a sloppy translation off their phones.

The results can be worse than cringe-worthy. A domestic violence victim may struggle to get a restraining order because the responding officers wrongly reported that her abuser was “holding” her neck, instead of strangling her. Or she might mistakenly identify her child’s “caretaker” as her abuser, because of a bad translation that connotes financial support.

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Wednesday, January 3, 2024

‘Five volumes of Sanskrit dictionary to be open for public in two months’ - Hindustan Times - Dictionary

ByDheeraj Bengrut
Jan 04, 2024 05:56 AM IST

the Sanskrit dictionary project undertaken by Pune-based Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute is now being backed by the Centre through its Central Sanskrit University in Delhi

In the works since 1948, a year after India got independence from the British rule, the Sanskrit dictionary project undertaken by Pune-based Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute is now being backed by the Centre through its Central Sanskrit University in Delhi.

With more than 20 lakh vocables spread over 35 volumes, K Sanjay Kumar Murthy, principal secretary at the Central Ministry of Education, reviewed the project on Wednesday as the Deccan college and the Sanskrit university signed a MoU for the exchange of resources. (REPRESENTATIVE PHOTO)
With more than 20 lakh vocables spread over 35 volumes, K Sanjay Kumar Murthy, principal secretary at the Central Ministry of Education, reviewed the project on Wednesday as the Deccan college and the Sanskrit university signed a MoU for the exchange of resources. (REPRESENTATIVE PHOTO)

With more than 20 lakh vocables spread over 35 volumes, K Sanjay Kumar Murthy, principal secretary at the Central Ministry of Education, reviewed the project on Wednesday as the Deccan college and the Sanskrit university signed a MoU for the exchange of resources.

Wrap up the year gone by & gear up for 2024 with HT! Click here

Murthy announced that the dictionary will be open for citizens in the next two months with digitisation of first five volumes completed.

Murthy said the Central Sanskrit University has been roped in to provide permanent resources and collaborate with the Deccan college for the project.

“The digitalisation project will be open for public within two months, wherein users can get access to this body of work. It is a continuous work in progress. We will ensure that the remaining work is completed in a shorter period with the use of technology and young resources,” Murthy said.

The review meeting at Deccan college was attended by Anil Sahasrabudhe, chairperson, National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) and also chairperson of National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC); professor Shrinivasa Varakhedi, vice-chancellor, Central Sanskrit University (CSU); Vikas Chandra Rastogi, IAS, principal secretary, state higher education; professor Nitin Karmalkar, former vice-Chancellor of Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) and chairperson of the NEP 2020 Steering State Committee; professor Pramod Pandey, vice-chancellor of Deccan College Deemed University Pune; Shailendra Deolankar, state director of higher education of the state; and professor Suresh Gosavi; vice-chancellor, SPPU and Prof Prasad Joshi, editor of Sanskrit dictionary since 2017 .

Murthy said that there are 61 departments, ranging from agriculture to archaeology, across the nation on the Sanskrit dictionary project.

“In today’s meeting it was decided that the Deccan College under this new arrangement should continue in its leadership role to provide guidance and collaboration to all these departments,” he said.

It was also decided that Karmalkar and Pandey will make an outreach to major universities in the country like Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Delhi University and other varsities and see how this collaborative work is done, he said.

“NEP 2020 provides framework for joint collaboration and the Maharashtra government will launch programmes towards dissemination of Indian Knowledge System (IKS) from next academic session. In this, four universities from Maharashtra are combined to provide 7-8 courses to 30 lakh odd students interested in doing a minor course in that discipline. Using this introductory programme, we would reach out to other central universities and offer such type of course based on that discipline and profession. It will a major project to be carried out in coming years,” Murthy said.

Sahasrabudhe said, “The basic groundwork has been done by C-DAC Pune and it will continue as new vocables will be added for the dictionary. As we go along not only Sanskrit to English, but also in Marathi, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu that also could be thought of as a long-term road map for work ahead. Scholars across universities will be supported by the use of technology in this project.”

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‘Five volumes of Sanskrit dictionary to be open for public in two months’ - Hindustan Times - Dictionary

ByDheeraj Bengrut
Jan 04, 2024 05:56 AM IST

the Sanskrit dictionary project undertaken by Pune-based Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute is now being backed by the Centre through its Central Sanskrit University in Delhi

In the works since 1948, a year after India got independence from the British rule, the Sanskrit dictionary project undertaken by Pune-based Deccan College Post Graduate and Research Institute is now being backed by the Centre through its Central Sanskrit University in Delhi.

With more than 20 lakh vocables spread over 35 volumes, K Sanjay Kumar Murthy, principal secretary at the Central Ministry of Education, reviewed the project on Wednesday as the Deccan college and the Sanskrit university signed a MoU for the exchange of resources. (REPRESENTATIVE PHOTO)
With more than 20 lakh vocables spread over 35 volumes, K Sanjay Kumar Murthy, principal secretary at the Central Ministry of Education, reviewed the project on Wednesday as the Deccan college and the Sanskrit university signed a MoU for the exchange of resources. (REPRESENTATIVE PHOTO)

With more than 20 lakh vocables spread over 35 volumes, K Sanjay Kumar Murthy, principal secretary at the Central Ministry of Education, reviewed the project on Wednesday as the Deccan college and the Sanskrit university signed a MoU for the exchange of resources.

Wrap up the year gone by & gear up for 2024 with HT! Click here

Murthy announced that the dictionary will be open for citizens in the next two months with digitisation of first five volumes completed.

Murthy said the Central Sanskrit University has been roped in to provide permanent resources and collaborate with the Deccan college for the project.

“The digitalisation project will be open for public within two months, wherein users can get access to this body of work. It is a continuous work in progress. We will ensure that the remaining work is completed in a shorter period with the use of technology and young resources,” Murthy said.

The review meeting at Deccan college was attended by Anil Sahasrabudhe, chairperson, National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) and also chairperson of National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC); professor Shrinivasa Varakhedi, vice-chancellor, Central Sanskrit University (CSU); Vikas Chandra Rastogi, IAS, principal secretary, state higher education; professor Nitin Karmalkar, former vice-Chancellor of Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU) and chairperson of the NEP 2020 Steering State Committee; professor Pramod Pandey, vice-chancellor of Deccan College Deemed University Pune; Shailendra Deolankar, state director of higher education of the state; and professor Suresh Gosavi; vice-chancellor, SPPU and Prof Prasad Joshi, editor of Sanskrit dictionary since 2017 .

Murthy said that there are 61 departments, ranging from agriculture to archaeology, across the nation on the Sanskrit dictionary project.

“In today’s meeting it was decided that the Deccan College under this new arrangement should continue in its leadership role to provide guidance and collaboration to all these departments,” he said.

It was also decided that Karmalkar and Pandey will make an outreach to major universities in the country like Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Delhi University and other varsities and see how this collaborative work is done, he said.

“NEP 2020 provides framework for joint collaboration and the Maharashtra government will launch programmes towards dissemination of Indian Knowledge System (IKS) from next academic session. In this, four universities from Maharashtra are combined to provide 7-8 courses to 30 lakh odd students interested in doing a minor course in that discipline. Using this introductory programme, we would reach out to other central universities and offer such type of course based on that discipline and profession. It will a major project to be carried out in coming years,” Murthy said.

Sahasrabudhe said, “The basic groundwork has been done by C-DAC Pune and it will continue as new vocables will be added for the dictionary. As we go along not only Sanskrit to English, but also in Marathi, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu that also could be thought of as a long-term road map for work ahead. Scholars across universities will be supported by the use of technology in this project.”

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Tuesday, January 2, 2024

New Urban Dictionary entry for 'Israeled' becomes proxy battle - The Jewish News of Northern California - Dictionary

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New Urban Dictionary entry for 'Israeled' becomes proxy battle  The Jewish News of Northern California
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