[unable to retrieve full-text content]
FEATURE: Azuki Showcases Manga Translation as the Art Form It Truly Is Crunchyroll News:format(webp)/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24563313/RE4_Luis_Sera_01_png_jpgcopy.jpg)
“Busco a un policía, vino aquí?” says Leon S. Kennedy to the first villager he meets in the Resident Evil 4 remake. This marks a subtle yet meaningful change compared to the original from 2005. Even without perfect pronunciation or a more natural way to phrase the question, the protagonist makes an effort to speak the local language. A sentiment that the game itself tries — and almost succeeds — to echo during the story.
Resident Evil 4 has always been unapologetic about putting Spanish front and center. While the location in which Leon’s rescue search for Ashley Graham is fictitious, its inhabitants — aside from a few key characters — stick to their linguistic roots. The original didn’t go down in history as an exemplary use of the language, featuring lines with vocal or grammatical mistakes and voice actors speaking Latin American Spanish instead. Yet, unless you already knew the language beforehand enough to understand, you were as clueless as Leon himself.
As a native speaker, I was constantly surprised by the embellishments around the use of Spanish in the remake. For both key characters and the villagers that you stylishly kick and shoot at, the language is expanded with interesting voice lines, proper grammar, and even literary references that didn’t exist in the original. The remake didn’t just involve expanding the game and painting it with modern strokes. It also improved the Spanish foundation from the original. But the uneven use of captions seems unwilling to tell the player the whole story.
The opening sequence starts off with the right ideas. Leon’s question to the villager, in which he asks if he had seen a policeman come through the house, is translated to English in the captions, prefixed by “(In Spanish)” at the beginning of the sentence. The pronunciation is clearly one of a non-native speaker who didn’t get to practice much beforehand. But it gets the point across for a simple and direct question.
Minutes before you enter the house, there is another dialogue exchange between the police officers who give Leon a lift to the village. They stick to English during the ride, but once one of them hops out of the car to take a leak, he promptly complains about how cold it is outside. His partner then mocks him and asks if he drank the whole bar. This is all done in Spanish with the right captions.
:format(webp)/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24563322/RE4_Ganados_01_png_jpgcopy.jpg)
Much like the darker ambiance of the village or the subtle differences around Leon’s first of many uninvited house entries, it doesn’t take long for the remake to showcase that Spanish will also have an even more prominent presence. At the same time, it’s a natural representation of what two native speakers would usually do in the presence of a foreigner: make themselves understood when speaking directly and then switch back to their own language for conversations with each other or to themselves.
From that moment on, the sense of going through a bilingual experience is recaptured, but the captions do an odd job of selecting what to translate. The same officer who tells the joke in the car isn’t translated when he asks Leon for help later on, as he asks for someone to answer the radio call because he needs support. Even if it’s a short line that doesn’t affect the story much, it’s more than just an isolated scream.
Other phrases are more relevant. Luis Serra, a mysterious character who helps Leon in the original and becomes more of an intermittent sidekick in the remake, refers to Ashley as “señorita” when asking Leon what he’s looking for. The translation here is positively natural, as he responds with “a little girl?” to confirm that his hours spent with Duolingo on his flight to Spain weren’t in vain. In general, however, Luis’ ongoing quips and cusses don’t get the same treatment, with captions showcasing “mierda” and “amigo” as is, as opposed to “shit” and “friend,” or similar variations.
This is a shame, as the character is far more akin to a Spanish person in the remake. Similarly to the officers, he speaks in English most of the time to Leon but is unafraid to take some liberties, such as calling him “Sancho” as a reference to Miguel de Cervantes’ novel Don Quixote. Ashley is nicknamed “Princess Dulcinea” in a similar vein, and Luis commits to the recurring joke throughout his ventures with you. Once more, Leon repays it with recognition, calling Luis a “fine knight” and, ultimately, “Don Quixote” to bring the joke full circle.
There are multiple examples like these in the RE4 remake. But there is a certain care for cutscenes that is amiss outside of them. As you’re confronting enemies, captions don’t provide translations for either the new dialogue or the lines that have been rerecorded from the original. Sure, it’s pleasant to finally hear accents more akin to Spanish folks than Latin American ones, but there was a missed opportunity here to actually translate them for non-Spanish players.
Throughout the years, the community has provided translations for the original, and it was quick to jump into the remake to keep up with tradition, drawing comparisons between the two to see if mispronunciations and accents had been tweaked. As it stands, history is bound to repeat itself, with players forced to search for meaning behind what they constantly hear in the game from outside sources.
:format(webp)/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/24563324/RE4_Leon_and_Luis_png_jpgcopy.jpg)
Little details such as enemies rightfully switching callouts from singular to plural when Leon is accompanied by a character are gentle but show that there wasn’t a lack of attention in terms of writing and recordings. The iconic “detrás de ti, imbécil” (behind you, imbecile) line turns to “detrás de vosotros, imbéciles” (behind all of you, imbeciles) in the remake. Other lines are surprisingly thorough, a long cultist-style chant around the castle area of the game being a personal standout. Yet, it was disappointing to see additions like this silenced with a dismissive “[ominous mumbling in Spanish]” caption.
In the original, you could make the argument that the game was purposefully portraying Leon’s own lack of knowledge of the language itself. In the remake, however, he’s quick to showcase his broad understanding of Spanish, as well as a basic sense of local literary references. If you’re in the same position, the experience will be much richer as a result, increasing the tension of already frantic combat sequences by hearing enemies alerting others of your presence, setting up traps, or pinpointing that you’re hurt after being attacked. If not, aside from a few exceptions, it will be largely the same experience as the original 18 years ago.
As cheesy and campy as the dialogue in Resident Evil 4 has always been, the commitment to Spanish sets an interesting prospect for native speakers. We don’t have to be knowledgeable of a foreign language in order to understand what is often lost in translation. Considering English’s hegemony over video games, it makes for an enticing change of pace, turning the tables in a way that not many other stories set in predominantly Spanish regions often do. Yet, it falls into the same problem by not translating itself to a wider audience.
As a result, the Resident Evil 4 remake is an ironic showcase of language barriers that Spanish speakers often find in video games. I was optimistic when I saw Leon recognizing the missed opportunities of almost two decades ago in the opening sequence, making an effort to do things differently this time around. It’s unfortunate that the rest of the world won’t be able to understand the valiant endeavors that follow afterward.
[unable to retrieve full-text content]
Complete guide to the Dictionary app on macOS XDA DevelopersAre you tired of your Mac or iPhone constantly underlining words and suggesting corrections while typing? The automatic dictionary feature on Mac and iPhone can be helpful, but sometimes it can be more of a hindrance. Here’s how to turn off dictionary on Mac and iPhone so that you can type without interruption.
However, before turning off the dictionary on your Mac or iPhone, you must note that disabling the dictionary will prevent your device from suggesting words as you type, which can slow down your typing speed.
Additionally, if you frequently use the dictionary to look up definitions or translations, you will need an alternative resource to perform those tasks. With that out of the way, let’s begin with the article.
Step 1: Click on the Apple logo at the top left corner of the Menu Bar.
Step 2: From the drop-down menu, select System Settings.
Note: Alternatively, press ‘Command + Space,’ type System Settings, and press Return on your keyboard.
Step 3: Go to Trackpad from the left pane in the System Settings.
Step 4: Under ‘Points & Click,’ click the arrow next to ‘Look up & data detectors.’
Step 5: From the drop-down, select Off and close the window.
That’s it. The dictionary function has been successfully disabled on your Mac. So, from now on, the dictionary will not pop up randomly when you accidentally press the Trackpad.
If you want the same to be implemented on the iPhone, continue reading.
Compared to the Mac, disabling the dictionary on the iPhone is much simpler and involves barely any steps. Follow the instructions below.
Step 1: Open the Settings app on your iOS device.
Step 2: Go to General and scroll down to select Dictionary.
Step 3: You will find a list of all the different dictionaries you can enable or disable by tapping them. Select as per your preference.
There you go. You have successfully disabled the dictionary on your iPhone. If, for some reason, you want to reset the dictionary and clear out your preferences, keep reading.
Before moving on to the steps and methods, it’s important to note that resetting a dictionary on a Mac or iPhone can be helpful in many situations. If you have accidentally added incorrect words to the dictionary or the dictionary has become cluttered with words you no longer use, resetting it can help you start fresh.
There is no direct way to reset the Dictionary on Mac. Earlier macOS versions included the feature to reset from System Preferences (now called System Settings), but after the recent macOS Ventura update, the direct option was removed.
However, we have a trick that will work irrespective of whatever macOS version you are running on. Follow the steps below.
Step 1: Click on Go from the Menu Bar.
Step 2: From the drop-down, select ‘Go to Folder.’
Note: Alternatively, press ‘Control + Command + G’ to open Go.
Step 3: In the pop-up search bar, type the below command and press the Return key on your keyboard.
~/Library
Step 4: Scroll down to find the Spelling folder and double-click to open it.
Step 5: Under the Spelling folder, double-click on LocalDictionary.
This will open all your saved words in document form.
Step 5: As we reset the dictionary, select all the words by pressing ‘Command + A.’ Finally, press Delete on your keyboard.
It will clear all the words you saved, resetting your Dictionary on your Mac. That’s it. You start from scratch again. If you want to reset the dictionary on your iPhone, move on to the following method.
Step 1: Launch the Settings app on your iPhone.
Step 2: Go to General from the Settings menu, and choose ‘Transfer or Reset iPhone.’
Step 3: In the ‘Transfer or Reset iPhone,’ tap on Reset.
Step 5: From the bottom sheet, choose Reset Keyboard Dictionary.’ On the next screen, enter your passcode.
Step 7: Finally, on the bottom sheet, select Reset Dictionary.
There you have it. You have successfully reset your iPhone’s dictionary without any issues. If you have any queries that we didn’t cover in the article, please see the FAQ section below.
To change the default Dictionary on an iPhone, launch the Settings app > go to General > tap on Dictionary > you will see a list of downloaded dictionaries, tap on the dictionary you want. A checkmark will appear next to your selected dictionary, indicating it is now the default dictionary.
Once you have changed the default dictionary, all the apps that use the built-in dictionary, such as Safari or Notes, will use the new dictionary for definitions and spell-check.
Yes, you can remove words from the iPhone dictionary. Launch the Settings app > go to General > tap on Keyboard > choose Text Replacement > find the word you want to remove > swipe left on it > tap on Delete to remove the word from the dictionary. This will remove all custom words you’ve added to the dictionary and any words your iPhone has learned over time.
Now that you know how to turn off dictionary on Mac and iPhone, go ahead and change the settings and focus on what’s important. Remember to remember any potential drawbacks or consequences, and don’t hesitate to turn the feature back on if needed. You may also want to read these best ways to fix iPhone autocorrect not working properly.
language-translation-software-market-size.jpg
Dublin, April 04, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Global Language Translation Software Market Size, Share & Industry Trends Analysis Report By Component, By Vertical, By Enterprise Size, By Regional Outlook and Forecast, 2022 - 2028" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.
The Global Language Translation Software Market size is expected to reach $26 billion by 2028, rising at a market growth of 17.0% CAGR during the forecast period.
Key Market Players
List of Companies Profiled in the Report:
Language translator software creates a setting that is consistent and risk-free that assists in the work of a translator, making it easier and more efficient. In addition, software designed specifically for translation offers a variety of tools, features, and resources that can be utilized to facilitate an overall streamlining of the process of translation and the rapid production of high-quality translations.
The ideal translation software will allow businesses to centralize not only the translation process but also data analysis, content distribution, reporting, and project management as well. In addition, brands may employ translation and localization technologies to empower translators by moving away from the time-consuming practice of translating blindly using a spreadsheet and towards an entirely automated and transparent process.
The expansion of the language translation software market is being driven by a rise in the adoption of smartphones around the world as well as an increase in the investments made by governments. In addition, growing company communication needs are projected to give several prospects for advancing language translation software. These alliances lead to the development, indigenous design, manufacturing, and implementation of cost-effective solutions and products.
In addition, government agencies use language translation software for various objectives, including providing immigration services, engaging in diplomatic relations, and doing international business. In addition, indigenous intellectual property(IP)will be bolstered owing to this endeavor, and it will open up new doors for the wider adoption of language translation products and solutions. In addition, the operations that the government engages in regarding the language translation software business have the overarching objective of encouraging the development of the technology, promoting its implementation, and improving the quality of services that are provided to locals.
Market Growth Factors
Rising government expenditure on the implementation of translation software
For the information on the government-run website is to be accessible to all citizens, it must be offered in 'local languages. 'The government's initiatives are anticipated to increase public awareness in many nations. The localization of websites can assist governments in achieving this objective.
Therefore, most government institutions are investing in LTS to improve communication with residents. As more governments worldwide adopt language translation software, it will further promote the growth of the market in the coming years.
An increase in the use of smartphones worldwide
Due to the increased use of mobile devices, businesses, and consumers highly value the mobile-first approach. As a result, many companies worldwide are creating solutions for mobile users. As a result, the demand for mobile-based languagetranslation software is rising among individual students and business groups.
This is driving the demand for language translation. The advanced technology needed to develop language translation software has yet to fully infiltrate the industry for smartphones as well as other smart devices. As a result, the use of language translation software has increased dramatically.
Market Restraining Factors
Increasing use of open-source translation platforms
Open-source suppliers offer reporting, analysis, translation, and data warehouse creation tools. Since the majority of small businesses in developing nations like China and India cannot afford to invest in pricey web-based or cloud-based language translation software, open-source translation software is growing in popularity. Thus, it is anticipated that the growing variety of open-source language translation software suppliers will restrain the growth of the language translation software market throughout the forecast period.
Scope of the Study
By Component
Solution
Rule-based Machine Translation
Statistical Machine Translation
Hybrid Machine Translation
Services
By Vertical
IT & Telecom
Manufacturing
Education
Healthcare
BFSI
Travel & Tourism
Others
By Enterprise Size
Large Enterprises
SMEs
For more information about this report visit https://ift.tt/CxUewTW
About ResearchAndMarkets.com
ResearchAndMarkets.com is the world's leading source for international market research reports and market data. We provide you with the latest data on international and regional markets, key industries, the top companies, new products and the latest trends.
Attachment
CONTACT: CONTACT: ResearchAndMarkets.com Laura Wood,Senior Press Manager press@researchandmarkets.com For E.S.T Office Hours Call 1-917-300-0470 For U.S./ CAN Toll Free Call 1-800-526-8630 For GMT Office Hours Call +353-1-416-8900
An original goal of ChatGPT, in early 2023 the single hottest topic in the language industry (and in much of the rest of the world), was for the model to interact with humans via fluent “conversation” — not to produce machine translation (MT).
Still, ChatGPT and other large language models’ machine translation abilities featured heavily at SlatorCon Remote March 2023 and sparked concern, at least among professionals, about translators’ and interpreters’ “exposure” to GPT-powered software.
A March 24, 2023 paper, “Towards Making the Most of ChatGPT for Machine Translation,” has now proposed several methods by which users can improve ChatGPT’s translation ability; namely, by adjusting the model’s “temperature” and by providing more detailed task and domain information in the form of prompts.
The roster of contributors was split between academia and industry, including Xuebo Liu and Min Zhang of Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen and Beihang University’s Yuanxin Ouyang. Lead author Keqin Peng is affiliated with both Beihang University and JD Explore Academy, a project of China’s largest retailer, JD.com. Co-authors from JD Explore Academy were Liang Ding, Qihuang Zhong, Li Shein, and Dacheng Tao, the Academy’s director.
While ChatGPT’s MT abilities have impressed observers, the authors pointed out that the best results are for high-resource, closely-related language pairs (a finding confirmed by research peers), and suggest that other researchers “usually adopt simple prompts which cannot fully elicit the capability of ChatGPT.”
This paper’s remedy: a combination of adjusting ChatGPT’s temperature and providing task- and domain-specific prompts.
In MT, temperature is a parameter that measures the linguistic variety of a model’s output. Higher temperatures yield greater linguistic variety, along with the potential for more errors. Lower temperatures, on the other hand, produce more grammatically correct but less natural text.
Linguistic variety has been key to ChatGPT’s success as a “chatting machine,” but, as the authors wrote, “the diversity of responses may hinder its performance on tasks with a high degree of certainty, such as machine translation, to some extent.”
Evaluating ChatGPT’s translation from English into Romanian, Chinese, and German, researchers found that a lower temperature promoted higher quality translations, particularly for “difficult” (i.e., lower-resource) languages.
The group designed task-specific prompts (TSP) to overcome ChatGPT’s limitations in MT, adopting, perhaps, a “fake-it-till-you-make-it” attitude for the model’s abilities.
“Specifically, we prepend the sentence ‘You are a machine translation system.’ to the best translation template […] and adopt it to query ChatGPT,” they wrote.
Researchers incorporated domain-specific prompts (DSP) to identify for ChatGPT the domain of information related to the translated sentences — more specifically, the WMT19 Bio and News datasets.
Results were mixed but, researchers seemed to believe, promising. TSP consistently improved MT quality semantically (as measured by COMET), but not lexically (BLEU and ChrF). DSP also consistently improved ChatGPT’s COMET score, but its impact on BLEU was inconsistent, and the authors acknowledged that ChatGPT “still lags significantly behind Google [Translate’s] performance.”
The team mentioned several other possible avenues for improving MT quality, which they may explore in future research. Few-Shot In-Context Learning was found to improve both BLEU and COMET scores, compared to a zero-shot approach, for English into Chinese, Romanian, and German.
Chain-of-Thought Prompting is effective in large language models but has yet to be studied in depth with regard to MT. These prompts tend to generate low-quality, word-by-word translations. The authors, inspired by the philosophy behind statistical MT, suggested modifying CoT to improve output.
The authors also offered a public service announcement on unintended, and undesirable, side effects of ChatGPT applied to certain language pairs.
“When tackling the non-English-centric tasks (both the input and expected output are non-English), ChatGPT may generate hallucinations, which should be paid more attention to by the MT/NLP community,” they wrote, adding, for emphasis, a siren emoji in the text of the paper.
