Saturday, May 29, 2021

Tips For Selecting the Best Legal Translation Service - GISuser.com - Translation

Legal translation is a complex segment of the translation sector. As any mistake in legal translation can land the law firm, their clients, and other involved parties in serious issues, a legal translator should have a deep knowledge of legal terminologies and expertise in both target and source language. 

Hence, the importance of selecting a good legal translation service cannot be underemphasized. If you are looking for a legal translation service, these tips might help you find a good one. 

Look for a service that specializes in legal translation 

Translations are of various types- medical translation, commercial translation, administrative translation, technical translation, etc. Most translation companies have their tentacles spread in every discipline, while some accept specific translation projects. The companies belonging to the latter category work with specialists with a deeper knowledge of the subject matter and their area. 

Select a translation service that specializes in legal translation. Their translators understand the legal terminologies and leave no scope for any mistake while translating your documents. Plus, by having an expert translator who understands the law, you will also get a legal support service. 

You can either opt for only translation service or translation service along with interpreting service. 

Check the reputation of the company 

Work with a legal translation company that has earned a good name for itself. Check the experience of the company and find out their former clients. Check for online references to gauge the reputation of the company. Reach out to their clients to know how they deal with their clients. 

A reputable legal translation service will not only help you translate your legal documents but also help you understand the foreign culture and deal with the challenges. 

Furthermore, a translation company with a good reputation in the market runs from post to pillar to safeguard its prestige. Hence, rest assured, you will get quality services, accurate and properly formatted documents, and exceptional customer care service. 

Know about their confidentiality policy 

When it comes to legal issues, trusting a third party can get a little tricky. It jeopardizes the security of sensitive legal data. Hence, before hiring any legal translation service, know about their confidentiality policy. 

Ensure that the service has a strict confidentiality policy (Translators Confidentiality Agreements) and uses robust systems (data protection and cybersecurity tools) to safeguard the legal documents and sensitive information. 

Ask for certifications 

How will you possibly know the legal translation is accurate unless you have solid evidence proving the same?

Government departments and courts demand evidence to prove that the legal document is accurate. Hence, you require a certified translation from an acknowledged translation service. Make sure you select a certified legal translation service. 

Look for a service, which is a member of the Association of Translation Companies that renders a strict code of conduct for the members. 

If you want to work with a freelancer, select a translator who is a member of any relevant professional organization. An affiliation from AIIC, Institute of Linguists, and Institute of Translation and Interpreting would be perfect. 

Check their knowledge of the legal system of the targeted country 

As already said, your legal translator should be familiar with the laws of the source language country, as well as the targeted country. 

Not all systems across the globe share the same legal terminology. Legal terms do not have precise meanings in their translation in other languages. Hence, having a translator with a good grip on the language as well as the law of the targeted country is crucial. 

Select a translator based on their knowledge of the legal system and the language of the targeted country. 

The bottom line 

The complexity of the legal language makes legal translation difficult. Take extra care while selecting a legal translator for you. Use these tips to find the best one.

Related Articles on GISuser:

Lost in Translation: Why Asia Fintech Companies are Not Expanding into Europe - Finance Magnates - Translation

EYES have been turning to Asian fintech in recent years, as the sector has grown to make its presence seriously felt. But while great innovation has been in evidence in China, Hong Kong, Singapore and elsewhere in Asia, very often this fintech success does not translate to European markets. Why is that when Asian fintechs look to expand Europe is not their destination of choice?

Much of Asia’s fintech growth has been built on providing financial services to the unbanked. The region boasts high levels of smartphone ownership and, with digital payments being in great demand during the pandemic, fintech has proved a valuable solution. One example of strong fintech growth is Singapore. Aspiring to become the world’s first ‘smart nation’, the city-state has a coordinated strategy to develop its fintech industry, offering businesses grants to cover digitisation costs, as well as fostering a favourable environment for investors. Funding for fintech in Singapore soared since 2016 to reach over $1 billion in 2019. It was one of the countries identified in the recent Kalifa report (Kalifa Review of UK Fintech (publishing.service.gov.uk) as a serious competitor to UK fintech and is one of the locations, alongside China, Hong Kong and South Korea, with which the UK Government has established fintech ‘bridges’ in an attempt to attract Asian fintech to Britain.

Looking Forward to Meeting You at iFX EXPO Dubai May 2021 – Making It Happen!

Yet, despite such initiatives, many Asian entrepreneurs are shunning European markets in favour of other locations – the US, where it can be easier to acquire a licence; India, with its vast population and favourable

Anil Uzun, CEO Gobaba Ventures
Anil Uzun, CEO Gobaba Ventures

regulatory regime; or Latin America, where getting established is less expensive and regulation is also less restrictive. Others have had their fingers burned when trying to expand into European markets, withdrawing when profits have been slow to materialise or operations too hard to get established on the ground. Some complain that Europe is not a place where they can reliably and profitably do business.

So, what is it that Asian fintech leaders want that Europe is not providing? Most will claim they seek a market with a favourable tax regime offering good tax advice locally. Locations that are easy to reach and whose markets are ripe for the product on offer are clearly attractive. Friendly and helpful regulators are a bonus, as are efficient and speedy licensing processes. And skilled local management and senior talent who can provide the right level of governance are desirable.

Suggested articles

Earn Passive Income with Nhash Cloud Mining ServicesGo to article >>

Of course, these elements can be found in Europe. But, in practice, many Asian entrepreneurs privately complain about the exacting tax systems of many European countries compared with less onerous processes that are common closer to home. In terms of location, some jurisdictions in Europe only operate in their local language rather than English, which has proved a barrier to some Asian incomers. In fact, cultural issues are a frequent problem. A product designed for Asian markets may not translate into an attractive or relevant offering for a European consumer. Equally, I have heard Asian fintech bosses say they can hire European managers with the right experience, but often they may have little understanding of Asian culture. The result is poor communication between elements of the larger group and much time lost.

Regulation is another sticking point. Not so long ago, many European regulators still promoted accelerators and sandboxes that welcomed and encouraged innovation. Since the onset of Covid, many of these have been limited. Then, when it comes to being granted a licence to operate, it can take up to three years to be authorised on certain activities in some European countries. To sidestep this long wait, some Asian business owners have sought to acquire existing licensed companies, but even this can be a slow process, with the change of ownership taking six months or more to be approved. All of this can be added to the fact many markets in Europe are saturated, with a host of fintech companies already aggressively competing against each other. When German fintechs are struggling to come to the UK, for example, what chance does an Asian business have?

However, all is not lost for the transition of ideas and innovation between Asia and Europe. Some regulators are working hard to ease the process for foreign entrants to their markets. The Irish regulator, for example, asks for a business plan and will advise within two or three weeks whether they need further information or if the business is likely to be declined. This sort of fast feedback saves both time and money and is very appealing to enterprises that are keen on expansion.

And, while the coronavirus has slowed investment in fintech around the world, regulators in many jurisdictions acknowledge there is a need to respond quickly to give this vital sector a renewed boost. This is true in Europe as well as elsewhere, which could mean Asian fintech firms find a more welcoming reception in European markets in the months and years ahead.

Anil Uzun is CEO of Gobaba Ventures

Review: Dancing on Ropes, by Anna Aslanyan - the magic of translation and our lost love of languages - Reaction - Translation

In 1673, Alexander Mavrocordato was confirmed as the Grand Dragoman of the Ottoman Empire. He wasn’t the first to hold the job, but he was one of the most powerful, creating a dynasty, brand and industry. He was the Ottoman Emperor’s chief interpreter and deputy foreign minister, second only to the Vizier. Adroitness in languages and diplomacy made him the unofficial ‘Keeper of Secrets’ at the Sublime Porte.

Ten years later, he was dealing with the outcome of the failed siege of Vienna. In 1699, he was one of the guiding hands at the Treaty of Karlowitz, which among other things created the Serb marchland of Krajina on the fringes of Croatia, from which the Serbs were expelled in the summer of 1995. And in 1709, his son Nicholas Mavrocordato succeeded as top dragoman.

“With Mavrocordato you really get the beginning of the whole modern industry of interpreting and translation,” says Anna Aslanyan, author of a joyous account of the whole story of translation, and misinterpretation, Dancing on Ropes, Translations and the Balance of History.

She herself is a professional interpreter and translator, a licenced freelance for the past ten years, working in distressing welfare and criminal cases, and relaxing by translating Russian avant garde literature. She writes from the eyeline of the engaged participant rather than detached spectator. Much of her comments are from one professional to others – and all the more fun for that.

The title comes from the lament of John Dryden in the introduction and commentary to his translation of Ovid’s Epistles. “In short, the verbal copier is encumbered with so many difficulties at once, that he can never disentangle himself from all,” Dryden writes. “It is much like dancing on ropes with fettered legs.”

Mavrocordato and his descendants are the fulcrum of the story. He was a man of affairs, recruiting translators from Italy, a qualified doctor, and a gossip. “I went to read his letters to the British Minister, Paget, which are now kept in the library at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London. In those days they used sand, not blotting paper. It was extraordinary to be able to touch the grains of sand, as he had thrown them across the page,” Aslanyan says.

The dragomans of the Greek Phanariote clans almost inevitably came to a sticky end. Stavrachi Aristarchi became Grand Dragoman in 1821, the year of the War of Greek Independence. He fled the Porte for his life, but was killed a year later.  

Omissions, lapses, errors, exaggerations litter the pages of Aslanyan’s books – in the work of many genius translators. One serious gap was the failure in the Allied ultimatum for Japanese surrender in the mid-summer of 1945 to indicate that it was not a demand for unconditional surrender. However, the Japanese High Command took it as a demand for unconditional surrender and turned it down. Hiroshima and Nagasaki followed.

The interpreters for the dictators and those at the Nuremberg Tribunal were faced with profound issues of psychology and ethics. The dictators by and large, says Aslanyan, were a difficult lot – interrupting and often vague in their own language, Hitler notoriously so on occasion. One of the most comedic episodes is the banqueting and toasts at the Tehran ‘Big Three’ conference in 1943. Curiously, Stalin was about the easiest to translate, speaking in short paragraphs and pausing for the interpreter, which Churchill and Roosevelt would forget to do. At the last banquet a toast was proposed to the interpreters themselves, as a token of thanks. Apocryphally, Churchill is said to have replied, “Interpreters of the world unite, you have nothing but your audiences to lose.”

Nuremberg produced strange games of cat and mouse – especially from the defendants who knew English well, like Goering and Albert Speer. It also saw the use of simultaneous translation – the new equipment arrived only four days before the hearings started. Some interpreters never got used to the new method – whereas others excelled at the technique of ‘whispering translation’, where the interpreter whispers into the subject’s ear.

The big political beasts like Goering were performers in their own right, bent on having their day to hold the whole stage and audience. A political thespian nearer our own time, Silvio Berlusconi, has attracted an interpreter of theatrical genius; Ivan Melkumjan. An Armenian from Baku, Melkumjan went to Italy to train as an opera singer, but had to fill in with odd translation jobs for the state radio. One day the Foreign Ministry asked him to help out in a sudden shortage of interpreters for Russian and Italian. Melkumjan is the ultimate improv-interpreter, Anna Aslanyan tells me. “He told jokes, which he improvised from the original and got a big laugh – Berlusconi loves him for it, and Putin admired him, too.”

Running through this book, like a thin, gaudy thread of Armenian embroidery on Ottoman silk, is the translator-creator. Most astonishing, perhaps, are the Jesuits following Matteo Ricci into China from the 16th century on. Ricci translated from memory – most of his library was in his head. “They were generous and respected local customs and rituals – one even altered the story from the New Testament as he couldn’t get the appropriate picture to illustrate the sequence of episodes,” the author says.

Even in the most extravagant endeavor of collective political translation, the King James Bible of 1611, the translators deliberately chose expressions that were already archaic. But who can fault the poetic rhythm of “and on earth peace, good will toward men.”

One of the most poetic of all translators of that day, or any for that matter, is John Florio, professional translator, and for some a pedant. He is said to be lampooned by Shakespeare as Holofernes in Love’s Labour’s Lost. This covered, perhaps, a huge sense of debt. Shakespeare read Montaigne’s essays in Florio’s wonderful – not to say, florid – translation: the meeting of two of the greatest humanist minds. Florio’s poetic prose is haunting. On Cruelty – “But it is with such an yearning and faint-hartednesse, but I see but a chickins necke puld off, or a pigge stickt, I cannot chuce but grieve, and I cannot endure a seelie dew-bedabled hare to groane, when she is seized upon by the houndes; although hunting be a violent sport.”

In the same sentiment, Shakespeare writes in Venus and Adonis:

“Or, as the snail, whose tender horns being hit,   

Shrinks backwards in his shelly cave with pain,

And there, all smother’d up, in shade doth sit,

Long after fearing to creep forth again;          

So, at his bloody view, her eyes are fled

Into the deep dark cabills of her head;”

The same creative magic colours the translations of Jorge Luis Borges, Italo Calvino and Umberto Eco’s work, all three friends and admirers. Norman Thomas di Giovanni met Borges when lecturing at Harvard. “He offered to help translate – and it became a remarkably creative and intimate relationship. Borges hadn’t written much for years,” says Aslanyan, “but di Giovanni went to Buenos Aires to help him. They would walk to the National Library and he would read his latest workings to Borges and they worked together. The translations were remarkable – are remarkable. But it ended badly with family jealousies and the di Giovanni works have been forgotten – they shouldn’t be.”

The story of William Weaver, translator of Eco and Calvino, is more joyous. In Tuscany, he built a studio extension, dubbing it “the Eco chamber – it’s built from the royalties from ‘The Name of the Rose’ translation”. Aslanyan points to a felicitous improvisation by Weaver in Foucault’s Pendulum’ The passage translates literally as, “God created the world by speaking . He didn’t send a telegram. Fiat lux, stop. Letter follows. To the Thessalonians, I guess.” Weaver tweaks this to “Fiat Lux. Epistle follows” – with Eco’s approval.

Both Calvino and Eco must have been fun to work for. Calvino apparently loved American techno-jargon; his quirky jargon was brilliantly caught in Toby Jones’s recent radio version of Marcovaldo for Radio 4. But, Aslanyan says techno-jargon has bear traps. One of the earliest Swedish ads for Electrolux vacuum cleaners read “the new Electrolux really sucks.”

On the use of technology and AI in translation, the author is remarkably balanced. It isn’t all bad and even Google translations are improving swiftly. After all, it was a process pioneered by Ada Lovelace working with Babbage and his calculating machine.

More worrying is the state of official interpretation and translation services – which have been pretty disastrous since the government privatised the services more than a decade ago, along with DNA and fingerprinting analysis. In courts translation services are often plain inadequate – as in the case of the abused Pakistani mother who killed her husband. She pleaded guilty to murder, since neither judge nor interpreter ensured that she understood the concept of manslaughter. However, Anna Aslanyan suggests that services are being improved, scrutinised more closely and brought in-house.

There is a general decline in the enjoyment and deployment of languages in England , while an opposite trend is running in Europe. The UK and the US are becoming more monoglot, insisting on proficiency in English before being offered employment and residency. In some respects, this brutal monoglot culture can be crass. Thousands of desperate Guatemalans are arriving at the US border without any chance of being understood; interpretation is offered solely in Spanish, and most of the fugitives speak only Mayan.

Languages are taught less in England – the plummeting figures speak of a deliberate policy of cultural starvation here. Just over ten years ago, says Aslanyan, 73 per cent of GCSE students would take at least one language. Now the number is below half that. Welcome to cultural desertification.

For Anna Aslanyan some great challenges, and joys, lie ahead. She is now working on a translation of Sergei Tretyakov, avant garde Russian writer and playwright of the twenties and thirties and buddy of Bertolt Brecht. “He’s never been translated – he was a real visionary and said he didn’t believe in fiction at all.”

If it is anything like Dancing on Ropes, there is a real treat in store.

Dancing on Ropes: Translators and the Balance of History by Anna Aslanyan (Profile Books), £16.99. 

Epic dictionary re-defines Ancient Greek including the words which made the Victorians blush - India Education Diary - Dictionary

Epic dictionary re-defines Ancient Greek including the words which made the Victorians blush – India Education | Latest Education News | Global Educational News | Recent Educational News

Friday, May 28, 2021

Questionnaire Design and Translation - Pew Research Center - Translation

In key ways, writing surveys to assess foreign public opinion parallels how Pew Research Center approaches questionnaire design for U.S. projects. In both cases, Center staff carefully consider question wording, when to ask open- vs. close-ended questions, question order and measuring change over time, all of which can be read about here.

That said, designing questions for domestic and cross-national studies does differ in important ways. Cross-national questionnaires are developed with an eye toward comparability across dozens of languages and cultures. For example, the 2019 Global Attitudes survey instrument was translated into more than 45 languages across 34 countries.

Translation is a multi-step process. For questions asked on earlier surveys, the Center relies on translations used in previous questionnaires in order to maintain comparability of survey data over time. For new questions, Pew Research Center staff begin by submitting the questions to professional linguists. The linguists evaluate each question for ease of translation and make recommendations to guide proper translation. New questions, along with the linguists’ recommendations, are then submitted to local research organizations, which translate the items into the appropriate language(s). Once translations are complete, they are again reviewed by professional linguists, who provide feedback to the translators. Pew Research Center staff are consulted regarding any serious debates about translation, and the Center issues final approval of the translated survey instrument prior to fieldwork. Throughout the translation process, Pew Research Center strives for questions that are comparable at the level of meaning, not simply literal translations of the original English versions.

In addition to being shaped by the translation process, the final cross-national survey instrument that is used in the field is influenced by cultural and political sensitivities. These are more than a matter of politeness. Especially in countries where surveys are administered by interviewers going door-to-door, asking about taboo subjects can expose interviewers and entire research firms to legal or even physical harm. Safeguarding the safety of our local partners is a paramount concern. Pew Research Center has omitted questions due to political sensitivities, such as items about political parties in certain countries. In other countries, the degree of sensitivity associated with a given subject makes it impractical to even field a survey. If the quality of survey data would be compromised if respondents felt uncomfortable or not free to express their opinions, either because of pressure from the authorities or for other reasons, the Center will choose not to field a survey in a given country. These decisions are based on careful assessment of conditions under which face-to-face surveys can be conducted in and in consultation with country experts and local polling organizations.

Here's How to Prepare Your Website for Localization - Built In - Translation

Most companies put off localizing their websites until the initial version is finalized. But multilingual websites are growing increasingly common as companies try to reach international consumers — and local ones who don’t use English as their primary language.

Localization is a term of art for the practice of translating a website from one language into secondary languages. Spencer Frasher, who works for Lokalise, a startup that specializes in enabling website translations, said the first step developers should take when approaching web translations is to think about the goals they are trying to achieve.

“I don’t think anybody undertakes all this just to do it,” Frasher said. “A lot of the customers we talked to, they’re trying to improve rankings and SEO, for instance.”

“I don’t think anybody undertakes all this just to do it.”

According to SEOblog, translating a website into different languages is a good way to improve overall SEO. If a visitor comes across a site that doesn’t support their language, they may choose to browse elsewhere instead. This makes translation especially important for companies trying to market products toward particular global markets, or whose products have proved popular among customers who use a different language.

Web developers may also pursue localization due to external pressures, such as government contractor sites needing to provide multilingual support, or pressure from competing websites that are providing better language support for customers.

A company’s reasons for localization can inform their methods for achieving it, such as whether to use human or machine translations.

MORE ON ENGINEERINGDon't Let Code Reviews Destroy Your Team Morale

 

Start Preparing for Localization During the Design Phase

It’s easier to localize a website if planning for the translations starts early.

“Ideally, developers should initially create applications with localization in mind,” said Ilya Bodrov-Krukowski, the lead for content and documentation at Lokalise. “But it’s not always the case, unfortunately.”

Translations don’t just change the words on a page — they can affect the page’s layout as well, especially if additional languages weren’t part of the design process from the beginning. It’s best to create the initial design with translations in mind, and even better to target the design to the exact secondary languages.

That’s because languages can be quite different. Translating a website into languages that use block characters, such as Chinese, requires different space adjustments than translating into languages such as German, which have long words consisting of many characters. Not accounting for this difference can lead to layout issues.

“It could create trouble because it doesn’t fit in the button properly, or maybe starts pushing against the padding in the CSS in a strange way, or creates unexpected line breaks,” Frasher said.

“Ideally, developers should initially create applications with localization in mind.”

It’s easier to prepare for the necessary layout adjustments when developers know the languages a site needs to be translated into before the design phase. Designers can play with the length and sizes of words to adjust how pages handle them.

But it’s not necessary to have all translations complete before designing — there are tools available that can mimic the look of different languages, allowing designers to use them as filler while laying out pages with different languages.

These pseudo-localization tools adjust the widths of text elements to match the look of different languages. For instance, Shopify’s pseudo-localization tool adds 42 percent more characters in French and 112 percent more characters in Spanish, compared to English.

When it’s not clear what languages a website will eventually be translated into, developers can focus on making the website as responsive as possible. Responsive pages are much more forgiving of layout changes and can more easily absorb word size variations.

 

Automated Tools Can Help With Extraction

The next step in the localization process is extracting out all text that needs translation. It’s easily the most work-intensive step for developers, because extraction involves locating and compiling a list of all the original text from a website. Extraction tools are available to help with the process, but planning ahead before coding up the website can still save developers plenty of time, even when using these tools.

For instance, the Angular i18n tool offers a package for Angular projects that looks for special “internationalization” tags within a website’s HTML — these tags serve as markers for the extraction tool, guiding it to the places on the document that needs translation. 

The tool cuts down on a great deal of the manual work developers would otherwise have to do, but using it correctly requires labeling all the relevant text with the internationalization tag during development. Text elements that don’t have tags will get skipped.

“When I cut the text from the page, I might cut some part of the tag, which is going to result in a page that looks incorrect.”

Sometimes, parts of the page structure can be corrupted when using the extraction tools — for example, structural parts of the HTML might get cut off. This happens when extraction tools make parsing errors and cut an extra character or two off that isn’t part of the text.

“All the text on the websites are displayed to us in HTML tags,” Bodrov-Krukowski said. “And when I cut the text from the page, I might cut some part of the tag, which is going to result in a page that looks incorrect.”

The best way to catch these problems is by setting up automated tests to alert developers whenever this happens, so that developers can make corrections to make the page functional again.

“If we don’t have any automatic tests at all, developers are quite hesitant to change anything,” Bodrov-Krukowski said. “Because if it works, and then I change something, everything is going to break… But if I have tests that can be run very fast, then I’m going to be much more confident in my changes.”

MORE ON ENGINEERINGAre You Unwittingly Keeping Diversity Out of Your Talent Pipeline?

 

Provide Translators With Additional Context

Lokalise was founded in 2016, but localization wasn’t the startup’s initial direction. Originally, developers were working on an entirely different project and needed to translate their website into other languages to reach more customers. But the team found using Excel spreadsheets to track translations cumbersome, and there wasn’t a good existing alternative.

“In Excel spreadsheets, they were creating translation keys along with the actual translations,”  Bodrov-Krukowski said. “But it was really hard to keep track of everything that was happening. For example, if a translator changed some keys, we need some way to understand exactly what was changed, who changed it and where it was changed.”

On Excel, developers would put the phrases that needed translating — the “keys” — into the spreadsheet, and translators would write corresponding translations next to them. But it became difficult to track when changes were made, especially if teams had multiple translators working on the project. It also became difficult to organize all the translation keys as the website grew.

“It was really hard to keep track of everything that was happening.”

“For larger websites, we may have hundreds or even thousands of translation keys,” Bodrov-Krukowski said. “And if we support maybe two languages at the same time, that gives us thousands and thousands of translations.”

In addition to organizing translation keys, Lokalise has found it’s important to provide additional context to translators. Especially for highly technical industries, developers can add examples and glossaries, so translators know exactly what the phrases they are translating means. It’s also helpful to upload screenshots so translators can have visual context to better translate text that might be referring to images on a page.

 

Machine vs Human Translations Depend on the Project

There are currently two ways to translate — using machine translations or human translators — and each has pros and cons.

“It really depends on what the customer wants to achieve,” Bodrov-Krukowski said. “For smaller companies, maybe it makes sense to use machine translations to quickly gain more audience or expand their applications to different countries.” 

But even the best machine translations tend to make more mistakes than good human translators. Machine translations work best on smaller and simpler texts, Bodrov-Krukowski said, but they aren’t able to use context as well to figure out complex texts, and also don’t perform as well within industries that use more specific technical terms.

“For smaller companies, maybe it makes sense to use machine translations to quickly gain more audience or expand their applications to different countries.”

The advantage of machine translations is that they are cheap and have almost instantaneous turnaround. Some companies use a hybrid approach, running initial machine translations, followed by human translators to proofread and edit the translations.

In the future, this approach might make more sense, because translations are largely not performed on long texts, but instead shorter snippets.

“A lot of people think about downloading huge blocks of texts and sending them to some other place to get them translated,” Frasher said. “Certainly, there is a use case for that, but increasingly the pace of innovation, the pace of development, and the pace of launching is so fast that it’s more and more just 10 words, or 15 words.”

A mixed machine and human translation method may be able to handle fragmented translations better, helping translation keep pace with development cycles. But while tools exist to aid developers in translating site content, they still require a lot of overhead — it’s still too early to expect news sites across the world to have options in your chosen language.

What does Chupapi Muñañyo mean on TikTok? The phrase translated - PopBuzz - Translation

27 May 2021, 13:04

Here's what Chupapi Munyayo/Muñañyo means and where it originally started on TikTok.

Social media has long been a place where completely made up words and phrases can change the entire game and go viral within a second. Remember the Twitter era when Sco Pa Tu Manaa and Bomboclaat were all over the timeline? Or more recently, when Cheugy became a thing on TikTok?

Now there's a new phrase picking up steam on TikTok: Chupapi Muñañyo.

The phrase is pretty common in prank videos where someone sneaks up behind a stranger and says it out loud in their ear. But what does it mean? Where did it come from? And who started it?

What does Chupapi Muñañyo mean on TikTok?

What does Chupapi Muñañyo mean on TikTok? The phrase explained
What does Chupapi Muñañyo mean on TikTok? The phrase explained. Picture: @jaykindafunny8 via TikTok, Thiago Prudêncio/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images

What does Chupapi Munyayo or Chupapi Muñañyo translate to in English?

There's an Urban Dictionary definition from January 2021 that says it translates to "suck my dick papa, oh! come on!". The entry breaks down the words within the phrase, saying that 'chupa' derives from a Spanish word that means 'to suck a dick', while 'papi' means 'father or papa' and 'munyayo' apparently means 'come on'.

However, there's a lot of debate over whether that's actually the definition. KnowYourMeme points out that 'Munyayo' and 'Muñañyo' "don't appear to have any direct translations from Spanish or any other language, suggesting it is gibberish".

The apparent creator of the word, @jaykindafunny8, even posted a video explaining how to spell it, in which he basically just combined the two popular spellings on TikTok to create 'muñañyo'.

Essentially, Chupapi Munyayo or Chupapi Muñañyo doesn't mean anything. It's just made up.

READ MORE: TikTok slang: A complete guide to the meanings behind each phrase

Who created the Chupapi Muñañyo phrase?

The earliest known use of the phase on TikTok was way back in July 2020. TikToker @jaykindafunny8 shared a video of himself going through a drive-thru, ordering an ice cream and smacking it on his forehead before driving away. In one of those clips, he says the word 'muñañyo'.

A few months later, he posted a prank TikTok where he sneaks up behind random people on the street and scares them by shouting "muñañyo" and then repeating the full phrase when they turn around to ask what's going on.

His entire TikTok account is now full of videos of the same prank.

Jay now has over 16 million followers on the app, and his #muñañyo videos get millions of views each time he shares them. The #muñañyo hashtag has now also garnered over 3.7 billion views as of May 2021 – although, most of those are Jay's videos.

READ MORE: What is the Hey Lol trend on TikTok? The meaning explained